Criterion B · Evidence & Analysis

3-Step Technique Deep Dive

Use one specific piece of evidence to practise the analytical process: identify the authorial choice, deconstruct the details, and explain what they reveal about the IDEA. Compare teacher-supplied EA examples from Paper 1 work across five levels.

Original 3-Step Technique guideOriginal 3-Step TechniqueOriginal Evidence & Analysis guide, including the three-stage diagramWays to Phrase EA deconstructionsWays to Phrase EAs / DeconstructionsSource guide, page 6 · original sentence-construction models
Criterion B: What is evaluation? YouTube thumbnail Criterion B: What is evaluation?Deconstruction, connotations and the 3-Step Technique · Watch on YouTube ↗
WHOLE-TEXT ANALYSISVideo space reserved
PLANE Method: Whole-text analysisWalkthrough video will be added here.
STEP 1

WHAT · Identify the AC

Identify the precise authorial choice in the evidence. Name what the creator has chosen: a word, phrase, image, visual relationship, structural feature or other defensible choice.

STEP 2

HOW · Deconstruct

Examine the specific details and their contextual connotations. Explain why those details carry those implications in this text. Consider how the details work together.

STEP 3

WHY · Link to the IDEA

Explain what the deconstruction reveals about the creator’s IDEA. The analysis must establish what this evidence contributes to the text’s specific argument or representation.

There is no fixed list of authorial choices. The 3-Step Technique is a process for analysing any defensible AC. The quality of the analysis depends on the specificity and accuracy of the reasoning, not on using a particular technique name or adding more words.

Compare the five levels

The evidence remains the same. Examine how the analysis changes.

Teacher annotation · 3-Step

• AC:
• Decon:

• IDEA:

EA practice examples · 5/5 → 1/5

Highest level on the left · lowest level on the right
Evidence being analysed

Length is not the measure. A 1/5 response may be longer than a 5/5 response. Repetition, extra adjectives and additional sentences do not improve analysis unless they add accurate deconstruction and develop the IDEA.

How to read the progression

Use these descriptions to identify the analytical operation that is present or missing. They describe the quality of the thinking, not a word-count target.

1/5 · Retelling / generic effect

Content is recounted, or an effect is asserted without explaining the specific choice or its relationship to an IDEA.

2/5 · Recognition / literal meaning

The AC is identified and its immediate or literal effect is understood. The explanation remains broad.

3/5 · Developing analysis

Some interpretation, deconstruction or IDEA connection appears, but the reasoning is incomplete or inconsistent.

4/5 · Deconstruction / IDEA

Key words or visual details are deconstructed and connected to a clear IDEA. Some reasoning may remain less developed.

5/5 · Integrated analysis

Precise details and their connotations are integrated into a clear explanation of the IDEA. It develops the 4/5 reasoning rather than merely extending it.

Across all levels

Judge what the response actually explains. Do not reward length, terminology or evaluative adjectives on their own.

Banned and insufficient analytical language

Some expressions below are explicitly prohibited in the existing language policy; others are examples from examiner feedback or generic effects that are insufficient as completed analysis. The distinction matters: the generic phrases are not automatically lexical bans in every context, but they do not demonstrate how the specific evidence develops an IDEA.

  • “captures attention”
  • “makes the reader read on”
  • “keeps the reader reading on”
  • “paints a picture”
  • “sheds light”
  • “sets the scene”
  • “creates an effect”
  • “intrigues”
  • “entices”
  • “draws the reader in”
  • “grabs the reader’s attention”
  • “attracts the reader”
  • “makes the reader interested”
  • “vivid imagery”
  • “cleverly” / “brilliantly” / “masterfully”
  • “the message” / “overall message”
  • “persuasion” without a specific claim
  • “go deeper”
  • “main idea”
  • “resonates”
  • “emotional connection”
  • “closes the gap”
  • “powerful” without explanation
  • “make us feel” / “makes the reader”
  • “adds to persuasiveness”

Other generic effects also require specific explanation: “engages the reader”, “creates interest”, “creates pathos/logos/ethos”, “the number creates logos”, “the photograph creates credibility”, or “the colour represents safety” without evidence from the actual text. The issue is the unsupported or transferable claim, not simply the presence of a technical term.

EXAMINER-INFORMED PRACTICE

Work with the L&L Deliberate Practice AI

Submit your own analysis. The coach uses the selected examples, your work and the wider examiner-informed teaching corpus to identify one useful next step.

The selected example and your attempt will be sent as practice context.

The AI will respond here. It will use the selected example, your work and the existing examiner-informed teaching resources.

Practice calibration only. Any reference to a 1/5–5/5 example describes proximity to the teaching models, not an IB mark or predicted assessment result. Your writing is sent to the site's existing AI coaching service when you submit.

Need whole-text analysis?Open the PLANE Method Deep Dive for broader choices, significant moments and patterns across a work.

The 4/5 and 5/5 exemplars retain the teacher-supplied wording. Levels 1/5–3/5 are revised practice versions; the original supplied versions remain in the downloadable project record. They are analytical teaching examples, not IB-issued mark schemes or official numerical Criterion B marks.